Division of the Septuagint

The main difference of the Septuagint from the primary source (Tanakh) is the increase in the number of books. First of all, these are apocrypha.
A different division of books. Δώδεκα

Law
1	Γένεσις	Genesis
2	Ἔξοδος	Exodus
3	Λευϊτικόν	Leviticus
4	Ἀριθμοί	Numbers
5	Δευτερονόμιον	Deuteronomy
History
6	Ἰησοῦς Nαυῆ	Joshua
7	Κριταί	Judges
8	Ῥούθ	Ruth
9	Βασιλειῶν Αʹ	1 Samuel
10	Βασιλειῶν Βʹ	2 Samuel
11	Βασιλειῶν Γʹ	1 Kings
12	Βασιλειῶν Δʹ	2 Kings
13	Παραλειπομένων Αʹ	1 Chronicles
14	Παραλειπομένων Βʹ	2 Chronicles
15	Ἔσδρας Αʹ	Ezra (the first book of Ezra)
16	Ἔσδρας Βʹ	Nehemiah (2nd book of Ezra)
17	Ἐσθήρ	Esther
18	Ἰουδίθ	Judith
19	Τωβίτ	Tobit
20	Μακκαβαίων Αʹ	1 Maccabees
21	Μακκαβαίων Βʹ	2 Maccabees
22	Μακκαβαίων Γʹ	3 Maccabees
Wisdom
23	Ψαλμοί	Psalms
24	Ψαλμός ΡΝΑʹ	Psalm 151
25	Προσευχὴ Μανάσση	Prayer of Manasseh
26	Ἰώβ	Job
27	Παροιμίαι	Proverbs of Solomon
28	Ἐκκλησιαστής	Ecclesiastes
29	Ἆσμα Ἀσμάτων	Songs of Songs
30	Σοφία Σαλoμῶντος	Wisdom of Solomon
31	Σοφία Ἰησοῦ Σειράχ	Wisdom of Jesus the son of Seirach
32	Ψαλμοί Σαλoμῶντος	Psalms of Solomon [9]
Prophets
Small Prophets (12)
33	Ὡσηέ Αʹ	I. Hōsēe
34	Ἀμώς Βʹ	II. Āmōs
35	Μιχαίας Γʹ	III. Michaias
36	Ἰωήλ Δʹ	IV. Iōēl
37	Ὀβδίου Εʹ	V. Obdias
38	Ἰωνᾶς Ϛ'	VI. Iōnas
39	Ναούμ Ζʹ	VII. Naoum
40	Ἀμβακούμ Ηʹ	VIII. Ambakum
41	Σοφονίας Θʹ	IX. Sophonias
42	Ἀγγαῖος Ιʹ	X. Angaios
43	Ζαχαρίας ΙΑʹ	XI. Zacharias
44	Ἄγγελος ΙΒʹ	XII. Malachias
Big Prophets
45	Ἠσαΐας	Ēsaias
46	Ἱερεμίας	Hieremias
47	Βαρούχ	Baruch
48	Θρῆνοι	Thrēnoi
49	Επιστολή Ιερεμίου	Epistle of Jeremiah
50	Ἰεζεκιήλ	Iezekiēl
51	Δανιήλ	Daniēl
Appendix
52	Μακκαβαίων Δ' Παράρτημα	4 Maccabees

The background is tinted gray - deuterocanonical books.

The main difference between the Septuagint and the traditional Tanakh is the larger number of books.
And also another division of books.

Apocryphal additions to books:

• Additions to Daniel (Susana and the Elders; Bel and the Dragon; Prayer of Azariah),
• Prayer of Manasseh
• The Epistle of Jeremiah,
• Psalm 151,
• Addition to Esther (10:4-16:24).

Advantage

The translation used earlier manuscripts that have not survived to this day.
After the captivity to Babylon, the Jews began to speak Aramaic (related to Hebrew) and changed the alphabet from Paleo-script to Babylonian square script.
When switching from one alphabet to another manually, errors inevitably creep in.
So, when translating the Septuagint, the texts of the original paleo-letter were also available.
Some passages are translated more accurately than the original that has come down to us.

When translating, it is always interesting to see how difficult passages are translated in the Septuagint.

The New Testament quotes the Septuagint

The Septuagint was quoted, and the text of the Tanakh was not translated into Greek.
This is clearly evident from minor discrepancies.

By the way, deuterocanonical books were also quoted. Moreover, there was no canon then.

Deuterocanonical books

Initially, all the books were in separate scrolls and were in one place - a jug, a special shelf or...
There was no gradation, they were just there.
And the Jews themselves translated these books into Greek and called them the Septuagint. They chose books to translate, especially since there was no canon yet.

The Septuagint was popular in the early church because most people did not speak Hebrew.
Rome considered Christians a Jewish sect and Gospels and epistles began to appear.
Then the Jews decided to distance themselves from Christians and protect themselves from the penetration of new holy books.
This is how the canon was determined, which included 22 books according to the number of letters in the Hebrew alphabet, so that it was complete.
For this purpose, the very best books were selected, many were combined, for example:

1. 12 minor prophets - written in one scroll and counted as 1 book,
2. The 1st and 2nd Samuel (we have the 1st and 2nd Kings) was also one book, just a 2-volume set, like the books of the Kings (3rd and 4th Kings) and the Chronicle ( 1st and 2nd Chronicles),
3. The 5 scrolls of Psalms were one book,
4. The Pentateuch of Moses was divided into 5 separate books,
5. Ezra and Nehemiah were combined into one book of 2 parts.

Later the Church accepted this canon, but what to do with the remaining books from the Septuagint?
They were called deuterocanonical.

The generally accepted definition is that they are not divinely inspired, but historical.

The link between the Old and New Testaments

We all know that Jesus did not speak Greek, as He is quoted in the original New Testament, but Aramaic and Hebrew, as they then spoke in Israel.
Here the question arises of the correspondence of Greek words to Hebrew ones.

Example of online translators

Let's take a break. Computer translators were built on the principle of grammar.
They were fed a text, they studied the grammatical structure of, say, a Russian text and built a suitable version of, for example, an English text using English grammar.
It seems simple. Only such a translator could work correctly with literate literary texts.

Google, Yandex, Microsoft... created artificial intelligence.
They took advantage of the fact that many sites on the Internet have versions in different languages.
Having studied them, an algorithm was created for translating any text: literary, youth slang, professional jargon...

We also have the text in the original language, as well as the translation that was made by the Jews who lived then - the Septuagint.
So to understand what Jesus might have said in Hebrew, you can simply study.